Revision as of 16:27, 4 February 2019

Install

To Install the Hyper-V Powershell Module (Done on Windows 10 client)

PS> Get-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName *hyper-v* | select DisplayName, FeatureName

DisplayName                           FeatureName                            
-----------                           -----------                            
Hyper-V                               Microsoft-Hyper-V-All                  
Hyper-V Platform                      Microsoft-Hyper-V                      
Hyper-V Management Tools              Microsoft-Hyper-V-Tools-All            
Hyper-V Module for Windows PowerShell Microsoft-Hyper-V-Management-PowerShell
Hyper-V Hypervisor                    Microsoft-Hyper-V-Hypervisor           
Hyper-V Services                      Microsoft-Hyper-V-Services             
Hyper-V GUI Management Tools          Microsoft-Hyper-V-Management-Clients   



PS> Enable-WindowsOptionalFeature -Online -FeatureName Microsoft-Hyper-V-Management-PowerShell


Path          : 
Online        : True
RestartNeeded : False

Scripts

Clone VM

Quick script to clone a VM based on an existing "master".
issues with this method will be duplication of VM values, such as hostname, sid, etc. If using an Evaluation copy of windows, when the master expires, the clones wont work anymore, so rebuilding the master every 6 months is needed.
Also, this uses VHD differencing, so the master cannot be powered on or it will break the rest of the vms created off it.

param(
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][int64]$Epoch = [long](Get-Date -Date ((Get-Date).ToUniversalTime()) -UFormat %s),
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][ValidateSet('Win2k16-Master','Win2k12r2-Master','Win2k16GVEUpgrade-Master','Win2k12r2GVEUpgrade-Master','Linux-Master')][string]$BaseImage = "Linux-Master",
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][string]$ComputerName = "win-45mo0eqvg4g",
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][string]$Name = -join($BaseImage, "-", $Epoch),
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][string]$Path = "C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Hyper-V\",
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][string]$NewVHDPath = "C:\Users\Public\Documents\Hyper-V\Virtual Hard Disks\$Name.vhdx",
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][string]$NewVHDSizeBytes = 20GB,
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][int]$Generation = 1,
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][string]$MemoryStartupBytes = 1GB,
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][string]$SwitchName = "External_Virtual_Switch_01",  
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][int]$ProcessorCount = 1,
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][int64]$MemoryMinimumBytes = 1073741824,
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][int64]$MemoryMaximumBytes = 2147483648,
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][string]$AutomaticStartAction = "Nothing",
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][int]$AutomaticStartDelay = 1,
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][string]$AutomaticStopAction = "Shutdown",
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][string]$Date = (Get-Date),
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][string]$Notes = "Created $Date",
    [parameter(ParameterSetName="createvm")][string]$LogDir = "C:\logs"
)

#Creates a new Virtual Machine
function CreateVM {
    New-VM -ComputerName $ComputerName `
        -Name $Name `
        -Path $Path `
        -VHDPath $newVHDPath `
        -Generation $Generation `
        -MemoryStartupBytes $MemoryStartupBytes `
        -SwitchName $SwitchName
}

#Configures the new Virtual Machine
function ConfigureVM {
    Set-VM -ComputerName $ComputerName `
        -Name $Name `
        -ProcessorCount $ProcessorCount `
        -DynamicMemory `
        -MemoryMinimumBytes $MemoryMinimumBytes `
        -MemoryMaximumBytes $MemoryMaximumBytes `
        -AutomaticStartAction $AutomaticStartAction `
        -AutomaticStartDelay $AutomaticStartDelay `
        -AutomaticStopAction $AutomaticStopAction `
        -Notes $Notes
}

#Deletes the new Virtual Machine (only used when Configuration fails)
function DeleteVM {
    $disk = Get-VMHardDiskDrive -ComputerName $ComputerName -VMName $Name | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Path
    Remove-Item $disk
    Remove-VM -ComputerName $ComputerName -Name $Name -Force
}

#Verify that the desired Computer Name does not already exist
function ValidateName {
    Get-VM -ComputerName $ComputerName | ForEach-Object {
        if ($_.VMName -eq $Name) {
            $script:LogOut = "$Date - Failed to create the VM with the name: $Name. A VM already exists with that name."
            exit
        }
        else {
            return
        }
    } 
}

#Clone the $BaseImage VHD using differencing
function CloneVHD {
    #$srcVHD = -join((Split-Path -Path $NewVHDPath), "\", $BaseImage, ".vhdx")
    $srcVHD = Get-VMHardDiskDrive -ComputerName $ComputerName -VMName $BaseImage | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Path
    $newVHD = -join((Split-Path -Path $NewVHDPath), "\", $BaseImage, "-", $Epoch, ".vhdx")
    New-VHD -Differencing -Path $newVHD -ParentPath $srcVHD
}

#Clear the Variables used
function ClearVariables {
    #$Variables = Get-Variable | Where-Object {($_.Attributes -like "System.Management.Automation.ArgumentTypeConverterAttribute") -and ($_.Name -notin "ConfirmPreference","DebugPreference","ErrorActionPreference","InformationPreference","OutputEncoding","ProgressPreference","PSDefaultParameterValues","VerbosePreference","WarningPreference")} | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Name
    $Variables = ("Epoch", "BaseImage", "ComputerName", "Name", "Path", "NewVHDPath", "NewVHDSizeBytes" , "Generation", "MemoryStartupBytes", "SwitchName", "ProcessorCount", "MemoryMinimumBytes", "MemoryMaximumBytes", "AutomaticStartAction", "AutomaticStartDelay", "AutomaticStopAction", "Date", "Notes")
    foreach ($Variable in $Variables) {
        Get-Variable $Variable | Clear-Variable -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    }
}

#Verify Log directory exists and create if not
function VerifyLogDir {
    if( -Not (Test-Path -Path $LogDir ) ) {
        New-Item -ItemType directory -Path $LogDir -ErrorAction Stop
    }
}

#Set-PSDebug -Off
#Set-PSDebug -Trace 2

try {
    ValidateName -ErrorAction Stop
    CloneVHD -ErrorAction stop
    CreateVM -ErrorAction Stop
    $script:LogOut = "$Date - Created VM $Name"
}
catch {
    $ErrorMessage = $_.Exception.Message
    $script:LogOut = "$Date - Failed to create the VM $Name. The error message was $ErrorMessage"
    Break
}
finally {
    echo $script:LogOut | Out-File $LogDir\vm-script.log -Append
}

try {
    ConfigureVM -ErrorAction Stop
    Start-VM -ComputerName $ComputerName -Name $Name -ErrorAction Stop
    $script:LogOut = "$Date - Configured VM $Name"
}
catch {
    $ErrorMessage = $_.Exception.Message
    $script:LogOut = "$Date - Failed to configure the VM $Name. The error message was $ErrorMessage ---- Deleting VM $Name due to configuration failure."
    DeleteVM
    Break
}
finally {
    echo $script:LogOut | Out-File $LogDir\vm-script.log -Append
}

#Get-Variable | ForEach-Object { $_.Name }
ClearVariables