Oracle Linux/Common Tools
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Common Tools
Contents |
Listening Ports
netstat
~$ netstat -lnp Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:17003 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN - tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:40333 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN - udp 42240 0 127.0.0.1:8125 0.0.0.0:* - udp 32256 0 169.254.0.2:53 0.0.0.0:* -
process activity
top
~$ top
LoadAvg Load average over 1, 5, and 15 minutes. divide by number of cores to determine load.
ps
ps -AlH
This shows all the processes running, in long format, with the extra full format output
Network Throughput
iperf
requires a server/client setup that communicates over port 5001. generally server/client placement is dependent on network accessibility, ie. server would be placed outside of the network, client within. You may need to open 5001 on both sides however, in case established/related is not implicitly accepted from the client side > out.
Server side
~$ sudo yum install -y iperf sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 5001 -j ACCEPT -m comment --comment "iperf - 5001" ~$ iperf -s
Example:
$ iperf -s ------------------------------------------------------------ Server listening on TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 85.3 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 4] local 10.0.0.1 port 5001 connected with 10.0.0.2 port 47552 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 4] 0.0-10.0 sec 76.6 MBytes 64.1 Mbits/sec [ 5] local 10.0.0.1 port 5001 connected with 10.0.0.2 port 39914 [ 5] 0.0-10.0 sec 84.5 MBytes 70.6 Mbits/sec
Client side
~$ iperf -c target.ip -p port.number
- Example
$ iperf -c 10.0.0.1 -p 5001 ------------------------------------------------------------ Client connecting to 10.0.0.1, TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 466 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 3] local 10.0.0.1 port 39914 connected with 10.0.0.2 port 5001 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 0.0-10.0 sec 84.5 MBytes 70.8 Mbits/sec
Disk
lsblk
Shows a list of block devices. Useful in showing mount points, size, name, etc.
~$ lsblk --all NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT loop0 7:0 0 0 loop loop1 7:1 0 0 loop loop2 7:2 0 0 loop loop3 7:3 0 0 loop loop4 7:4 0 0 loop loop5 7:5 0 0 loop loop6 7:6 0 0 loop loop7 7:7 0 0 loop sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom sda 8:0 0 8G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 7.5G 0 part ├─VolGroup-lv_root (dm-0) 253:0 0 6.7G 0 lvm / └─VolGroup-lv_swap (dm-1) 253:1 0 816M 0 lvm [SWAP]
fdisk
Tool for showing partitions and disks, as well as other things
~$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000091fd Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 1045 7875584 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 7205 MB, 7205814272 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 876 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 855 MB, 855638016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 104 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000
df
shows the amount of disk space on the file system. Can also show inodes.
~$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root
6.5G 1.7G 4.5G 28% /
tmpfs 499M 0 499M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 477M 52M 400M 12% /boot
du
shows the amount of space used from a specific directory and recursively includes its children.
~$ du -h /home/user/temp 4.0K /home/user/temp
local mounts and file systems
~$ sudo cat /proc/mounts rootfs / rootfs rw 0 0 proc /proc proc rw,relatime 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs rw,seclabel,relatime 0 0 devtmpfs /dev devtmpfs rw,seclabel,relatime,size=499208k,nr_inodes=124802,mode=755 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,seclabel,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs rw,seclabel,relatime 0 0 /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root / ext4 rw,seclabel,relatime,barrier=1,data=ordered 0 0 none /selinux selinuxfs rw,relatime 0 0 devtmpfs /dev devtmpfs rw,seclabel,relatime,size=499208k,nr_inodes=124802,mode=755 0 0 /proc/bus/usb /proc/bus/usb usbfs rw,relatime 0 0 /dev/sda1 /boot ext4 rw,seclabel,relatime,barrier=1,data=ordered 0 0 none /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc binfmt_misc rw,relatime 0 0
hardware/driver
dmesg
Used to gather information about hardware and drivers on a system but can also be used to troubleshoot and show verbose logs pertaining to such.
$ dmesg | less [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu [ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct [ 0.000000] Linux version 3.11.0-13-generic (buildd@aatxe) (gcc version 4.8.1 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.8.1-10ubuntu8) ) #20-Ubuntu SMP Wed Oct 23 17:26:33 UTC 2013 (Ubuntu 3.11.0-13.20-generic 3.11.6) [ 0.000000] KERNEL supported cpus: [ 0.000000] Intel GenuineIntel [ 0.000000] AMD AuthenticAMD [ 0.000000] NSC Geode by NSC [ 0.000000] Cyrix CyrixInstead [ 0.000000] Centaur CentaurHauls [ 0.000000] Transmeta GenuineTMx86 [ 0.000000] Transmeta TransmetaCPU [ 0.000000] UMC UMC UMC UMC [ 0.000000] e820: BIOS-provided physical RAM map: [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000000009fbff] usable [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x00000000000f0000-0x00000000000fffff] reserved [ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: [mem 0x0000000000100000-0x000000007dc08bff] usable
Find specific device
~$ dmesg | grep sda [ 1.280971] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] 488281250 512-byte logical blocks: (250 GB/232 GiB) [ 1.281014] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off [ 1.281016] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00 [ 1.281039] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA [ 1.359585] sda: sda1 sda2 < sda5 sda6 sda7 sda8 > [ 1.360052] sd 2:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk
